Poster Abstracts
Development of a Protective Coating for TAGS-85 Thermoelectric Material
Poster Presenter:
Brian Berger, Graduate Student
Authors:
Brian Berger, Graduate Student
Chadwick Barklay, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
University of Dayton
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
University of Dayton Research Institute
Advanced High-Temperature Materials Group
Sponsor:
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Space and Defense Power Systems
Abstract:
TAGS-85 – a telluride of antimony, germanium, and silver – is a heritage p-type thermoelectric material employed in Radioisotope Power Systems that power the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Pioneer, Viking, and most recently Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity rover missions. These power systems, which employ a radioisotope heat source in a thermal-to-electrical power system, are used as a power source in space technology (including probes, satellites, and planetary rovers). Previous studies have found that TAGS-85 degrades over time, this degradation arising from the heat-initiated sublimation of material from TAGS-85. This, in turn, diminishes the thermoelectric material’s contact with the heat source, lowering the efficiency of the thermoelectric generator. This project seeks to develop a coating for use on TAGS-85 which would inhibit such degradation while not affecting the thermoelectric efficiency of the material.
Using Copper Oxides as Catalysts for Carbon Fixation
Poster Presenter:
Melissa Vasconi, Graduate Student
Authors:
Melissa Vasconi, Graduate Student
Clovis Linkous, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Youngstown State University
Chemistry
Abstract:
The goal of this research is to find a way to lessen the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere from industrial emissions by taking CO2 and converting it to something more useful. We are using cuprous and cupric oxides as electrocatalysts to reduce CO2 into useful chemical products such as methanol.
Removal of Sulfide Ions from Land Fill Gas Stream Using A Solar Regenerable Adsorbent
Poster Presenter:
Sreevani Kalapala, Graduate Student
Authors:
Travis Q. Battiest, Undergraduate Student
Clovis A. Linkous, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Youngstown State University
Chemistry
Abstract:
Hydrogen sulfide is a major contaminant in the land fill gas which is a growing alternative energy resource. H2S is a corrosive gas and when combusted will create high levels of SOX. We are trying to remove H2S gas by using eco-friendly adsorbents like activated carbon, Vulcan XC-72, cuprous sulphite, etc. The adsorbent is then regenerated back by using one of several different methods.
Deriving Electricity from Landfill Gas Using a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Poster Presenter:
William Geer, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
William Geer, Undergraduate Student
Clovis Linkous, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Youngstown State University
Chemistry
Abstract:
The current technology for the energy conversion of landfill gases involves combustion generators with a low thermal efficiency. The purpose of our research is to operate an electrochemical solid oxide fuel cell using reformed landfill gas and to achieve more efficient energy conversion of landfill gases.
CO2 Separation from Coal-fired Power Plant Flue Gas with Regenerable Magnesium Solutions
Poster Presenters:
Lei Cheng, PhD Student
Tongyan Li, PhD Student
Authors:
Lei Cheng, PhD Student
Joo-Youp Lee, Faculty Advisor
Timothy C. Keener, Faculty Advisor
Tongyan Li, PhD Student
Affiliation:
University of Cincinnati
School of Energy, Environmental, Biological and Medical Engineering
Abstract:
This research is to effectively and reliably separate CO2 from flue gases by means of CO2 absorption at 52 °C, which is a typical range for wet Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) outlet temperatures using traditional gas-liquid contacting devices, using a magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) slurry, followed by a regeneration step in a stripper conducted at 65°C. The key parameters such as L/G, C/Mg, CO2 removal efficiency, vapor liquid equilibrium data, carbon recovery rate and so on will be present in the poster.
Study of the Electrolyte in the Coal Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production
Poster Presenter:
Xiaoyong Xia, PhD Student
Authors:
Xiaoyong Xia, PhD Student
Gerardine G. Botte, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Ohio University
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Abstract:
Coal electrolysis is a low-cost and environmental friendly technology to produce hydrogen. This study focused on the function of electrolyte during coal electrolysis, and a new kind of electrolyte was designed to facilitate the coal electrolysis. The aim of this work was to increase the coal conversion and produce more hydrogen.
Regional Energy Planning: A Future for Northeast Ohio
Poster Presenter:
Heather Lenz, Graduate Student
Author:
Heather Lenz, Graduate Student
Affiliation:
Cleveland State University
Maxine Goodman Levin College of Urban Affairs
Abstract:
Regional Energy Planning (REP) is the key to a sustainable solution for the future of energy production, distribution and independence for Northeast Ohio. This report analyzes different REPs in order to identify and develop the fundamental components for a REP model in Northeast Ohio.
Electrochemical Conversion of Urea to Ammonia
Poster Presenter:
Fei Lu, PhD Student
Authors:
Fei Lu, PhD Student
Madhivanan Muthuvel, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Gerardine G. Botte, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Ohio University
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Abstract:
Ammonia is a very important chemical which has various applications. A new technique has been developed at CEER to generate ammonia from urea-rich wastewater using electrochemical techniques. Initial studies confirm that electrochemical conversion of urea to ammonia has higher efficiency than chemical methods at low temperature (70 °C).
Affects of Polyelectrolyte Adsorption on Urea/Ammonia Electrolysis
Poster Presenter:
Yue Ding, PhD Student
Authors:
Brian L. Hassler, Facilities Manager/Postdoctoral Researcher
Gerardine G. Botte, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
Ohio University
Center for Electrochemical Engineering Research
Ohio University
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Abstract:
Molecular self-assembly of polyelectrolytes has been applied to urea/ammonia electrolysis. The effects of pH on the polyelectrolyte deposition and bulk solutions on electrode behavior are being investigated to optimize the performance. The adsorption of polyelectrolytes onto the surface of nickel improve urea/ammonia electrolysis efficiency while reducing potassium hydroxide consumption.
Carbon Nanostructures from Coal Extracts
Poster Presenter:
Santosh Vijapur, PhD Student
Authors:
Santosh Vijapur, PhD Student
Ana M. Valenzuela-Muñiz, Postdoctoral
Gerardine G. Botte, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
Ohio University
Center for Electrochemical Engineering Research
Ohio University
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Abstract:
Carbon nanostructures (e.g. nanotubes, nanospheres, etc.) with their remarkable physical and chemical properties can be potentially employed in a wide variety of applications such as in sensors, batteries, fuel cells, and medical devices to name a few. Discovering an inexpensive carbon source as well as a simple growth technique for synthesis of carbon nanostructures are major challenges. In this study we propose a thermal reduction growth technique using coal extracts as carbon source. Spectroscopy characterization demonstrated the formation of novel carbon nanostructures.
Nanostructured Nickel Hydroxides for Urea Electrolysis
Poster Presenter:
Dan Wang, Postdoctoral
Authors:
Dan Wang, Postdoctoral
Wei Yan, Graduate Student
Santosh Vijapur, Graduate Student
Gerardine G. Botte, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
Ohio University
Center for Electrochemical Engineering Research
Ohio University
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Abstract:
One-dimensional nickel hydroxide nanoribbons and two-dimensional nickel hydroxide nanosheets were synthesized and developed as electrocatalysts for urea electro-oxidation. The nanostructured nickel hydroxides catalyze urea electro-oxidation at a lower potential with higher current density, and in this way shows promise for applications in urea-rich wastewater remediation, hydrogen production, electrochemical sensors, and fuel cells.
Electrochemical Decomposition of Urea with Ni-based Catalysts
Poster Presenter:
Wei Yan, PhD Student
Authors:
Wei Yan, PhD Student
Dang Wang, Postdoctoral
Gerardine G. Botte, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Ohio University
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department
Abstract:
The Ni, Ni-Zn and Ni-Zn-Co catalysts, synthesized through electrodeposition and alkaline leaching process, were used for electrochemical decomposition of urea to benign nitrogen and hydrogen. The results of electrochemical measurements have shown the improved performances towards urea oxidation compared to the pure Ni catalyst.
University of Dayton Industrial Assessment Center
Poster Presenters:
Jesse Monn, Graduate Student
Timothy Raffio, Graduate Student
Authors:
Jesse Monn, Graduate Student
Timothy Raffio, Graduate Student
Jeremy Smith, Graduate Student
Mithun Nagabhairava, Graduate Student
Dustin Pohlman, Graduate Student
Kelly Kissock, PhD, Director UD-IAC
Robert Gilbert, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
University of Dayton
Renewable and Clean Energy, Mechanical Engineering
Abstract:
The University of Dayton Industrial Assessment Center (UD-IAC) has performed over 850 no-charge energy assessments for regional industries over the last 30 years. We identify energy saving opportunities over 10% on average with short paybacks. This poster will describe our program and our Integrated Systems and Principles Approach to energy efficiency.
Utility Savings Measurement and Verification Using Evolutionary Algorithms
Poster Presenter:
Philip Brodrick, Graduate Student
Authors:
Philip Brodrick, Graduate Student
Kevin Hallinan, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
University of Dayton
Renewable and Clean Energy
Abstract:
The implementation of energy efficiency measures is one of the most common means of reducing fossil fuel use. A new method of characterizing consumption to more accurately measure the amount of energy saved is presented. The method uses an evolutionary algorithm which utilizes both weather and occupancy data, and has shown promising results.
Renewable Portfolio Standards and the Green Industry
Poster Presenter:
Sunjoo Park, PhD Student
Authors:
William M. Bowen, Faculty Advisor
Sunjoo Park, PhD Student
Affiliation:
Cleveland State University
Levin College of Urban Affairs
Abstract:
Since the 1990s, states have used legislation and policy to restructure their energy markets. One of the driving considerations has been job creation from renewable energy development and investment. Among various policy instruments used in this restructuring are renewable portfolio standards (RPS). In Ohio, we have SB221. RPS mandate electric providers to supply a specified minimum amount of power from renewable energy sources by a particular date. Policy entrepreneurs insist that RPS creates green jobs (or green industry). Nevertheless, the impact of RPS on green job creation and green industry is difficult to evaluate. In this study, we empirically evaluate the effect of RPS adoption on the creation of green jobs at the state level using cross-sectional time series analysis.
Empirical Prediction of CO2 Solubility in Water and Algal Growth Media for Thermophilic Cyanobacteria
Poster Presenter:
Chalermsak Dasaard, PhD Student
Authors:
Chalermsak Dasaard, PhD Student
David J. Bayless, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Ben J. Stuart, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Guy G. Riefler, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Ohio University
Institue of Sustainable Energy and the Environment
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Abstract:
The solubility behavior of CO2 is significant in various scientific and technological applications. We have investigated the solubility of CO2 in algal growth media, a solubility reservoir and inorganic carbon and nutrient source for cyanobacterial growth. Experimental results provided meaningful correlation, resulting in a better empirical model for CO2 solubility.
Reaction Pathways for Deoxygenation of Stearic Acid to Alkanes Over a 3% Pd/Carbon Catalyst
Poster Presenter:
Albert Vam, Graduate Student
Authors:
Heinz J. Robota, Faculty Advisor
Albert Vam, Graduate Student
Jhoanna C. Alger, Research Technician
Affiliation:
University of Dayton Research Institute
Energy and Environmental Engineering
Abstract:
Conversion of natural triglycerides to liquid transportation fuels proceeds by converting the fatty acid side chains to normal alkanes followed by further hydroisomerization and hydrocracking of the normal alkanes to fuel fractions. During catalytic deoxygenation, any double bonds in the fatty acid side chains are quickly saturated and the fatty acid side chains severed by hydrogenolysis of the ester linkage to produce the free fatty acid. Thus, the initial deoxygenation reactions involve free fatty acids dissolved in a liquid composed of saturated triglycerides. We have investigated these initial deoxygenation reactions using 20 weight percent stearic acid dissolved in a highly isomerized C24 alkane in place of the saturated triglyceride. Measurements have been made using a packed-bed reactor operating under trickle-bed conditions over a 3% Pd/carbon catalyst of our own preparation. Conversions were limited to 10% in order to achieve differential reaction conditions. Deoxygenation proceeds by two principle routes. In one, the carboxylic acid is cleaved from the remaining n C17 alkyl fragment by either decarboxylation or decarbonylation. Under all of our reaction conditions, decarbonylation is much more prevalent than decarboxylation. The second route involves the step-wise reduction of the carboxylic acid by hydrogen to eventually yield the n C18 alkane. While the aldehyde is never observed directly, evidence for a discreet alcohol intermediate is found in the production of the stearyl stearate ester, formed by condensation of the intermediate alcohol with unreacted stearic acid. We investigate how the reaction rates for these two principle deoxygenation routes are influenced by temperature, H2 partial pressure, background CO pressure, and stearic acid concentration.
Methodical Design of Prognostics and Health Management for Energy Systems and Mobility
Poster Presenter:
Mohammad Rezvani, PhD Student
Authors:
Mohamed AbuAli, PhD, Postdoctoral Fellow
Mohammad Rezvani, PhD Student
Edzel Lapira, PhD Student
Jay Lee, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
Center for Intelligent Maintenance Systems
University of Cincinnati
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Abstract:
The Center for IMS has been actively conducting research in implementing state-of-the-art prognostics and health management (PHM) techniques in a variety of energy systems including: (a) industrial facilities for monitoring and modeling of equipment energy consumption, (b) renewable energy applications for condition-based monitoring of wind turbines, and (c) mobility applications for the remaining useful life estimation of electric vehicle battery technologies. This poster session will highlight these research activities.
Biomass Solid Oxide Fuel Cell: Direct Utilization of Biomass Char
Poster Presenter:
Tritti Siengchum, Graduate Student
Authors:
Tritti Siengchum, PhD Student
Felipe Guzman, Postdoctoral Researcher
Affiliations:
The University of Akron
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
The University of Akron
Department of Polymer Science
Abstract:
The direct utilization of renewable biomass char (i.e., carbon) in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) could produce electricity with high efficiency, zero carbon footprint. Quantification of CO and CO2 products from the SOFC suggests that electricity was mainly produced from carbon at low current density and from CO produced from the reaction of CO2 with carbon at high current density.
Renewable Energy Load Matching Model
Poster Presenter:
Braeden Gilchrist, Undergraduate Student
Author:
Braeden Gilchrist, Undergraduate Student
Affiliation:
The University of Toledo
Mechanical Engineering
Abstract:
The variability of wind and solar is perceived as a major obstacle in employing otherwise abundant renewable energy resources. Understanding the role of intermittence and the effects on the electric grid limitations will advise the degree of renewable energy penetration. The Renewable Energy Load Matching (RELM) model provides a practical upper limit on the contribution of wind and photovoltaic (PV) power. The extent at which geographic diversity of wind and PV sites across the continental United States can offset their variability is examined in this study. RELM shows how well the existing electric power load can be matched by generation potentially available from wind and PV sites. It also shows the need for storage and dispatchable generation. To account for power transmission limitations, an aggregated transmission grid connecting > 100 continental U.S. regions is included in the RELM model, which allows to follow power flows between the regions and to take into account power flow limitations. The impact of these limitations are currently being tested. With no transmission limitations and moderate diurnal storage, 10% curtailment, but without transmission limitations, PV and wind can contribute up to 82% of load in the United States. For high wind and PV penetration, between 14 and 17% of nameplate capacity of wind and PV is removed from the conventional baseload.
Novel System Design for Residential Load Shift Using PCM and Auxiliaries for Economic Benefit and Demand Side Management
Poster Presenter:
Hussnain A. Yaser, Graduate Student
Authors:
Hussnain A. Yaser, Graduate Student
Michael J. Kazmierczak, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Mohammad Sadegh Riasi, Graduate Student
Affiliation:
University of Cincinnati
School of Dynamic Systems, Mechanical Engineering
Abstract:
This poster presents a novel system that is being developed at UC that use latent thermal energy storage (LTES) to shift heating and cooling loads, on the residential scale, for short to medium time periods (2-4 hrs), away from the electrical power grid (during the utilities’ peak demand period) for the main purpose of residential demand-side-management.
Liquid Crystal Porphyrin Thin Films for Self-organizing Organic Photovoltaics
Poster Presenter:
Chenming Xue, PhD Student
Authors:
Chenming Xue, PhD Student
Xiaoli Zhou, PhD Student
Satyendra Kumar, Faculty Advisor
Quan Li, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Kent State University
Liquid Crystal Institute
Abstract:
The crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells, though efficient, appear too expensive to compete with primary fossil energy. The organic photovoltaic (OPV) technology would hold a promise for cost reduction since the OPV materials are potentially cheap, easy to process, and capable of being deposited on flexible substrates and bent while their inorganic competitors, e.g. crystalline silicon, would crack. However, currently widely used OPV materials, e.g. polycrystalline Cu phthalocyanine, suffer from the scattering of electron/exciton at the grain boundaries resulting in poor charge mobility. A challenge for OPV with the possibility of significant cost reduction is to make them in a desired macroscopic order to improve charge transportation. One route to accomplish this goal is to induce liquid crystal (LC) phase in efficient OPV materials since LCs can respond easily to external stimuli and their alignment can be manipulated by external fields and surface effects. Here we will present our work on LC porphyrin thin films for self-organizing organic photovoltaics.
Enhanced Degradation Resistance of Immobilized Amine Solid Sorbents for CO2 Capture Through Additive Addition
Poster Presenters:
Mathew Isenberg, PhD Student
Christopher Wilfong, PhD Student
Authors:
Mathew Isenberg, PhD Student
Christopher Wilfong, PhD Student
Steven S.C. Chuang, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
The University of Akron
Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
The University of Akron
Department of Polymer Science
First Energy
First Energy Advanced Energy Research Center
Abstract:
Immobilized amine on a solid support sorbents were developed for CO2 capture from coal-fired power plant flue gas. The addition of additives such as polyethylene glycol was found to improve thermal stability and degradation resistance in various gas environments using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy techniques.
Biodiesel Production and Its Implication on Water Resources
Poster Presenter:
Qingshi Tu, Graduate Student
Authors:
Qingshi Tu, Graduate Student
Mingming Lu, Faculty Advisor
Y. Jeffery Yang, US EPA
Affiliation:
University of Cincinnati
School of Energy, Environmental, Biological and Medical Engineering
Abstract:
The rapid growth of US biodiesel industry has also incurred increasing concerns about its sustainability, one of which is the debate over its implication on water resources. In this poster, a comprehensive study exerting various data sources to obtain a holistic view of the water consumption of making biodiesel from soybean oil in the US will be presented.
The Trap Grease Inventory for the Greater Cincinnati Area
Poster Presenters:
Jingjing Wang, Graduate Student
Mingming Lu, Faculty Advisor
Authors:
Mark Schutte, Undergraduate Student
Jingjing Wang, Graduate Student
Mingming Lu, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
University of Cincinnati
School of Energy, Environmental, Biological and Medical Engineering
Abstract:
Trap grease has long been regarded as a nuisance to the restaurants in terms of hygiene and cost. However, if used properly, such as feedstock for biodiesel, trap grease can instead become a revenue. In this study, the inventory of trap grease in the greater Cincinnati area will be set up through a detailed data survey; effective and cost wise processes of pretreatment and transesterification will be explored; and the associated economic analysis will be performed.
Adaptive Maximum Power Tracking Algorithm for Wind Turbine Systems
Poster Presenter:
Yu Zou, PhD Student
Authors:
Yu Zou, PhD Student
Malik Elbuluk, Faculty Advisor
Yilmaz Sozer, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Akron
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Abstract:
Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is the key to notably improve efficiency of variable-speed wind power systems. Although a lot of MPPT algorithms have been developed, fast and real-time calculations of optimal system operation points are difficult to achieve. Also, the dependence of optimal references on the system model can hardly be removed. This research proposes a novel real-time MPPT algorithm which continuously updates the reference power curve by adaptively tuning the curve coefficients. To verify its performance, the proposed algorithm is simulated in Matlab/Simulink and experimentally tested on doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) wind power system. Both simulation and experimental results validate the proposed method.
Optimization of Energy Efficient Windows in Office Buildings for Different Climate Zones of United States
Poster Presenter:
Priyanka Rathi, Graduate Student
Authors:
Priyanka Rathi, Graduate Student
Adil Sharag-Eldin, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Kent State University
College of Architecture and Environmental Design
Abstract:
This study is intended to provide designers with window-to-wall ratio (WTWR) values optimized for thermal and Daylighting performance. Current energy standards suggest WTWR values based on thermal performance alone. The expected outcome of this optimization is a substantial reduction of energy usage in office buildings and an increase in overall efficiency.
Designing High-Performance Switched Reluctance Motor for Electric Vehicle Applications
Poster Presenter:
Md Wasi Uddin, Graduate Student
Authors:
Md Wasi Uddin, Graduate Student
Tausif Husain, Graduate Student
Rakesh Mitra, Graduate Student
Ernest Ofori, Graduate Student
Yilmaz Sozer, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Akron
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
Abstract:
Switched reluctance motors are efficient, inexpensive, and easily manufacturable electric machines. These advantages make the motor an attractive choice for the electric vehicle applications. The challenges in designing the motor are to achieve required torque density with the thermal, electrical, and cost constraints. This research demonstrates the experiments done to achieve performance within these limitations and difficulties. The power electronic drive and controller development are discussed to obtain highest performance out of the switched reluctance machine developed for electric vehicle traction application.
Silicon Nanowires- Carbon Fiber Composites as Lithium-ion Battery Anodes
Poster Presenter:
Zhuo Yao, Graduate Student
Authors:
Zhuo Yao, Graduate Student
Hong Huang, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Wright State University
Mechanical and Material Science Engineering
Abstract:
Silicon is an attractive anode material for rechargeable lithium ion batteries because of its highest theoretical charge capacity. In our study we have analyzed the lithium storage properties in silicon nanowires grown on the surface of carbon fiber via the chemical vapor deposition method. Electrochemical characterizations have shown optimistic results.
Assessment of Bio-Ethanol Dehydration Processes Through Process Simulation and Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)
Poster Presenter:
Michel Kahwaji Janho, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
Michel Kahwaji Janho, Undergraduate Student
Jorge E. Gatica, Faculty Advisor
Fernando D. Mele, Faculty at Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos y Gestión Industrial, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán
María Rosa Hernández, Faculty at Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos y Gestión Industrial, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán
Mauricio A. Colombo, Faculty at Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos y Gestión Industrial, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán
Affiliation:
Cleveland State University
Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
Abstract:
Initiatives aiming to reduce fossil-fuel dependency call for re-examining “green” technologies. The production of ethanol from biomass is analyzed. A module for hybrid separation is developed and integrated with industrial process simulators. Alternative process configurations are compared to classical routes to fuel-grade ethanol. Complementary process assessment through LCA is also examined.
Biomass to Gasoline: Integration of Three Related Technologies
Poster Presenters:
Aaron Gonzales, PhD Student
Ryan Tschannen, PhD Student
Authors:
Aaron Gonzales, PhD Student
Ryan Tschannen, PhD Student
Jared Bouquet, PhD Student
Sunggyu Lee, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Ohio University
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Abstract:
Current R&D efforts at Ohio University’s Sustainable Energy and Advanced Materials Lab related to the transformational technology of biomass syngas to dimethyl ether and then to target hydrocarbons are being discussed. Highlights include the single stage conversion of CO-rich and CO2-rich syngas into dimethyl ether.
Hydrodynamic Model of Jet Fuel Reformation in Supercritical Water
Poster Presenters:
Ryan Tschannen, PhD Student
Aaron Gonzales, PhD Student
Authors:
Ryan Tschannen, PhD Student
Aaron Gonzales, PhD Student
Jared Bouquet, PhD Student
Sunggyu Lee, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Ohio University
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department
Abstract:
Supercritical water reformation of liquid hydrocarbons is a way to generate synthesis gas that can be used for a variety of applications such as methanol synthesis and hydrogen for fuel cells. A simplified, thermodynamically sound model was developed to more accurately elucidate space velocities for optimizing reactor design.
Plasmonic Organic Photovoltaic Cells
Poster Presenter:
Feng Wang, PhD Student
Authors:
Feng Wang, PhD Student
Jakub Kolacz, PhD Student
Ayan Chakrabarty, PhD Student
Qihuo Wei, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Kent State University
Liquid Crystal Institute and Department of Chemical Physics
Abstract:
Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells have the great potential to reduce the cost of solar energy while suffering from the low power conversion efficiencies as a result of the small diffusion length of excitons and the long optical absorption depth in OPV. In this presentation, we report our recent efforts in developing new plasmonic nanoantenna architectures that can be integrated with thin OPV cells and enable efficient light trapping for enhancing the light absorption and power conversion efficiencies. The standard OPV material P3HT-PCBM is used as a test bed. By numerical simulations, we try to optimize the design and understand the underlying physical constraints for optoelectronic processes.
Behavior Analysis of Birds/Bats Activity in the Vicinity of Wind Turbines
Poster Presenter:
Golrokh, PhD Student
Authors:
Golrokh Mirzaei, PhD Student
Selin A. Bastas, Graduate Student
Jeremy Ross, Post Doctorate
Mohammad W. Majid, PhD Student
Mohsin M. Jamali, Faculty Advisor
Peter V. Gorsevski, Faculty Member
Joseph P. Frizado, Faculty Member
Verner P. Bingman, Faculty Member
Affiliations:
The University of Toledo
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Bowling Green State University
Geospatial Science School of Earth & Environment
Abstract:
Birds and bats activity have been monitored during 2011 spring and fall migration via acoustic recorders. Acoustic recorders were placed in Toledo, Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge Park and Gibraltar Island. Data has been collected and analyzed in an effort to perform behavior analysis of birds/bats activity in the vicinity of wind turbines.
A Radar Study of Nocturnal Bird Migration for Wind Turbine Siting Applications
Poster Presenter:
Vamshi Gummalla, Graduate Student
Authors:
Vamshi Gummalla, Graduate Student
Nishatha Nagarajan, Graduate Student
Jeremy Ross, Post Doctorate
Mohammad W. Majid, PhD Student
Mohsin M. Jamali, Faculty Advisor
Peter V. Gorsevski, Faculty Member
Joseph P. Frizado, Faculty Member
Verner P. Bingman, Faculty Member
Affiliations:
The University of Toledo
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Bowling Green State University
Geospatial Science School of Earth & Environment
Abstract:
A marine radar was deployed to study nocturnal migration characteristics of birds during the peak migration period over Lake Erie. The goal is to collect baseline information on migration characteristics of nocturnally migrating targets. This information will be useful for siting of wind turbines near or off-shore of Lake Erie.
Treatment of Chlorinated Organic Compounds by Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Nanoscale Palladium Metal
Poster Presenter:
Hema Vijwani, PhD Student
Authors:
Hema Vijwani, PhD Student
Sharmila M. Mukhopadhyay, Faculty Advisor
Abinash Agrawal, PhD
Sushil R. Kanel, PhD
Mark N. Goltz, PhD
Affiliations:
Wright State University
Mechanical and Materials Science Engineering
Wright State University
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright Patterson AFB OH
Abstract:
One of the key properties carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess is their extremely high surface area to volume ratio, which makes them very attractive as catalyst supports, and as an adsorbent in water treatment applications. Contamination of water by chlorinated organic compounds (COC) is of great environmental concern worldwide. One approach to degrade/treat this is to treat by catalytic reductive dechlorination using highly reactive supported metal catalysts. The present ongoing research is based on bench-scale investigation for the catalytic reductive dechlorination of carbon tetrachloride (CT) by supported palladium metal nanoparticles. Palladium (Pd0) is a well-known catalyst that promotes dehalogenation reactions in the presence of H2 gas as reductant/electron donor. The effectiveness of metal catalysts can be significantly enhanced by using high surface area supports such as Carbon nanotubes (CNTs). If the supports to be applied in water treatment are in suspended form, the recovery of the catalyst from the treated water and its reusability can be difficult. We present a new class of hybrid support for anchoring Pd nanoparticles, which combine the structural robustness of the micro-cellular carbon foam and the high surface area of CNTs in designing flexibility and high catalytic activity. In this poster, results of CT degradation experiments conducted at batch-scale using nano-palladium supported on such carbon nano-structures will be presented. Qualitative characterization of the Pd catalyst, before and after the degradation test will also be discussed.
Silver Nano Particles Anchored to Hierarchical Carbon Substrates: Robust Devices for Chemical-Free Water Disinfection
Poster Presenter:
Anil Karumuri*, PhD Student
Authors:
Anil Karumuri*, PhD Student
Dhawal Oswal, PhD Student
Tinu Daboiku*, Undergraduate Student
Heather Hostetler, Faculty Advisor
Sharmila Mukhopadhyay*, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
Wright State University
* Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Wright State University
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Abstract:
The antimicrobial activity of metals such as silver strongly depends on the effective surface area. In this study, silver nano-particles (Ag-NP) attached on hierarchical carbon substrates for antibacterial applications. The support structures are fabricated by grafting carbon nanotubes (CNT) onto porous cellular carbon creating a hierarchical substrate that combines mechanical integrity with extremely high surface area. This is followed by deposition of Ag-NP through controlled reduction of silver salt in the presence of suitable reducing and capping agents. Microstructural characterization of these robust structures using scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows uniform particle size distribution of silver on nanotubes even inside the pores. Moreover, the silver nanoparticles are well bonded, and do not detach from the support after prolonged treatment in rapidly moving water. The anti-bacterial performance, capacity, and re-usability of these materials is tested by using these to treat bacteria (E. Coli K12 derivative) contaminated water. In addition, the rate kinetics of bacteria removal as a function of time is also monitored which showed that these materials significantly lower bacterial load in a time dependent manner and could be very effective in disinfection of water.
Modeling and Characterizing Battery
Poster Presenter:
Sarita Bhandari, Graduate Student
Authors:
Sarita Bhandari, Graduate Student
Tom Hartley, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Akron
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Abstract:
Electric battery model helps to scrutinize the battery behavior by characterizing the battery characteristics. An experiment is performed to identify battery characterization parameters and electric model is developed. The significance of those parameters is studied for different cell chemistries. The simulations done to verify the battery voltage profile and characteristics are presented.
Renewable Diesel from Chlorella Vulgaris with Low Triglyceride Content
Poster Presenter:
Sally Homsy, Graduate Student
Authors:
Sally Homsy, Graduate Student
Liliana Martinez, Research Engineer
Sukh Sidhu, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Dayton Research Institute
Sustainable Environmental Technologies
Abstract:
Studies regarding renewable diesel production from algae have focused on triglyceride extraction and processing. Literature suggests that under appropriate cultivation conditions up to 80% of algal lipid content may be triglycerides; however, under less than optimal conditions phospholipids and free fatty acid content may be substantial. Triglyceride accumulation within algae occurs during the stationary growth phase, while algae should be maintained in the exponential growth phase to optimize CO2 sequestration and/or wastewater remediation (other applications of algal cultivation). This study focuses on the sustainable processing of low triglyceride content algae to renewable diesel. When triglycerides are hydrogenated, deoxygenated and isomerized it is the long chain fatty acids are converted to hydrocarbons that can be used as a diesel drop-in. Triglycerides are not the only source of algal fatty acids – free fatty acids are present and algal phospholipids, waxes, and sphingolipids may have fatty acid components. Total algal lipid extraction from both dry and wet algal biomass was studied and multiple solvents, procedures and cell pretreatment methods were compared (including solvents at ambient conditions, supercritical CO2, liquified DME, ultrasonication, mechanical grinding and steaming). The optimal extraction procedure was scaled up and a process was developed to fractionate algal biomass and isolate fatty acids from the various algal lipid structures. The final process allowed for the isolation of lutein, β-carotene and vitamin E (value added nutraceuticals) and produced two recyclable process waste streams; a protein cake that was subsequently pyrolyzed, and a nutrient and sugar rich aqueous stream that can be recycled for algal cultivation. The initial total lipid content of the Chlorella vulgaris used in this study is about 17% on a dry weight basis, triglycerides comprised <4% by mass of the algae, and the extracted fatty acids comprised ≈ 9% by mass of the algae.
High Temperature Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Chlorella
Poster Presenter:
Ronald Zeszut, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
Ronald Zeszut, Undergraduate Student
Richard C. Striebich, Faculty Advisor
Jerry Servaites, Senior Research Biologist
Philip H. Taylor, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
University of Dayton Research Institute
Environmental Engineering Group
Abstract:
Environmentally friendly fuels have become increasingly important and will grow in importance in the future as the full effect and scarcity of traditional fossil fuels becomes better understood. For this reason bio-fuels made from currently living organisms must be developed to offset the uncertain future of fossil fuels. Crops such as corn and soybeans are one option for bio-fuels; however, they require vast amounts of land, and using these sources for fuel in place of food can have a negative effect on the food market. One alternative that lacks this negative characteristic is algae. Algae grow in water and grow very quickly, making it a prime candidate for conversion to bio-fuel on a large scale. The objective of this Honors Thesis is to assess the potential for algae of the variety chlorella vulgaris to be made into a jet fuel. This will be done by measuring the amount and type of molecules in a sample of algae oil using a gas chromatograph. The chromatograph will separate the sample based on volatility (e.g. boiling point) of the species present. This data, when compared to know materials run on the gas chromatograph, will give information as to the composition of components which can be used as fuel. After gathering this experimental data, research will be conducted to find an efficient refining method. A basic cost estimation will be performed to project how economically feasible the process would be.
Estimation of Emissions at Engine Idling and the Status of Idling Reduction Alternatives in Ohio
Poster Presenter:
Tinina Hale, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
Tinina Hale, Undergraduate Student
Ramanitharan Kadiah, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Central State University
International Center for Water Resources Management
Abstract:
In Ohio, emissions from a fossil fuel operated truck during idling are estimated using MOVES in two different seasons; summer and winter. The data on alternative idling reduction practices in Ohio including electrification is also collected. The emissions in the alternative practices are compared with those from an idling truck.
Modeling of Home Power Line for Communication in Smart Grid Applications
Poster Presenter:
Amir mehdi Pasdar, PhD Student
Authors:
Amir mehdi Pasdar, PhD Student
Yilmaz Sozer, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Akron
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Abstract:
The carrier signal on the power line communications (PLC) system uses the existing power line, which transfers the electrical energy from supplies to the loads as a communication channel. Understanding the behavior of the home appliances and cables at PLC communication frequency band are critical for power line communication channel modeling. In this research, a PLC channel model based on measured data on both loaded impedance’s and power line cable is developed.
Modeling of Renewable Energy Source Based Microgrids
Poster Presenter:
Elrayyah Ali, PhD Student
Authors:
Elrayyah Ali, PhD Student
Sozer Yilmaz, Faculty Advisor
Elbuluk Malik, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Akron
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Abstract:
Conventional power systems are usually analyzed in steady state operations. The renewable energy sources may supply local loads in an isolated microgrid. Modeling and stability analysis of the islanded microgrid systems are required to predict the transient performance of the isolated energy network. This research work proposes efficient and effective modeling techniques for predicting the dynamics of the state variables in the microgrid.
Parallel Power Processing Technique Applied on Photovoltaic and Electric Vehicle Battery Charging Applications
Poster Presenter:
Mohamed Badawi, Graduate Student
Authors:
Mohamed Badawi, Graduate Student
Adeeb Ahmed, Graduate Student
Yilmaz Sozer, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Akron
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Abstract:
A parallel power processing technique is presented in this study for Photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicles (EVs) battery charging applications. This technique is enabling higher system efficiency in addition to a decrement in the used DC/DC converter size. The proposed topology is used to track the maximum power point (MPP) in the PV system, and to control the battery charging current for the EVs system. The enhancements of the proposed topology are evaluated and the results are demonstrated through an example design and an experimental field test, which confirms the validity of the proposed technique.
Harmonics Reduction Technique in Renewable Energy Interfacing Grid Connected Voltage Source Inverter
Poster Presenter:
Md. Nayeem Arafat, Graduate Student
Authors:
Md. Nayeem Arafat, Graduate Student
Saeed Anwar, Graduate Student
Yilmaz Sozer, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Akron
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Abstract:
There has been growing interest in renewable energy generation along with growing demands for interfacing renewable energy systems into utility grid past recent years. The objective of our project is to develop a bidirectional utility interactive inverter and associated control algorithms that can exchange power between utility grid and the battery storage systems, as well as work towards reducing the total harmonic distortion in the utility grid. The proposed system has been developed and tested for 5kW utility interactive renewable energy systems.
Optical Modeling of Thin Film Stacks Applied to Lead Sulfide Quantum Dot Solar Cells
Poster Presenter:
Paul J. Roland, Graduate Student
Authors:
Paul J. Roland, Graduate Student
Khagendra Bhandari, Graduate Student
Randy J. Ellingson, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Toledo
Physics and Astronomy
Abstract:
Here we implement a transfer matrix formalism to predict the electric field strength and photo-excited charge carrier generation rate within a multilayer stack of thin film materials. Assuming 100% charge carrier collection, we can predict the maximum quantum efficiency (QE) curve for a given solar cell structure, which is compared to experimental data.
PHEV Energy Management Impact Factor
Poster Presenter:
Pardis Khayyer, PhD Student
Authors:
Pardis Khayyer, PhD Student
James Wollaeger, Graduate Student
Pinak Tulpule, PhD Student
Lina Fu, PhD Student
Vincenzo Marano, Faculty Advisor
Simona Onori, Faculty Advisor
Umit Ozguner, Faculty Advisor
Giorgio Rizzoni, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
The Ohio State University
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
Center for Automotive Research (CAR)
Abstract:
Energy management strategies play a critical role in the fuel consumption of hybrid and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Most advanced energy management techniques may be further optimized by help of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). In this project, impact of several factors on PHEV fuel economy is investigated for subsequent development of energy management strategies in optimizing fuel economy.
Solving the Mystery of Mixtrophic Algal Growth
Poster Presenter:
Michael McArtor, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
Michael McArtor, Undergraduate Student
Lawrence Saliba, Undergraduate Student
Jerome Servaites, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Sukh Sidhu, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
University of Dayton Research Institute
Energy Technologies & Materials Division
Abstract:
Many algae have the ability to metabolize and grow on organic compounds either in the light or in the dark. A strain of Chlorella vulgaris is able to grow in the light on organic compounds. Growth rate is twice that of the combined growth rates under autotrophy and heterotrophy.
Ultrafast Transient Absorption as a Probe of Doping in Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Poster Presenter:
Neale Haugen, Graduate Student
Authors:
Neale Haugen, Graduate Student
Tieneke E. Dykstra, Post Doctoral Research Associate
Adam B. Phillips, Research Assistant Professor
Michael J. Heben, Faculty Advisor
Randy J. Ellingson, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
The University of Toledo
Department of Physics and Astronomy
Wright Center for Photovoltaic Innovation and Commercialization
Abstract:
Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) with their unique properties have already found use in numerous applications. Doped semiconducting SWNT films are of interest for P-N junction solar cells. We report a novel technique for probing the doping of a SWNT film or solution, and a model of SWNT doping.
PbS Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells
Poster Presenter:
Khagendra Bhandari, PhD Student
Authors:
Khagendra Bhandari, PhD Student
Paul Roland, PhD Student
Neale Haugen, PhD Student
Tieneke Dykstra, Post Doctoral Research Associate
Jianbo Gao, Post Doctoral Research Associate
Randy J. Ellingson, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Toledo
Department of Physics and Astronomy
Abstract:
Quantum Dots (QDs) solar cells retaining quantum-confinement effects offer solution-based deposition with size tunable bandgaps. To realize this potential, the in-film conduction is maximized by chemical treatments of the QDs’ surface while preserving their quantum-confinement. We report on the synthesis of PbS QDs, film formation, solar cell fabrication, and testing.
Determination of Energy Band-Edge Locations for PS Semiconducting Quantum Dots Using Cyclic Voltammetry
Poster Presenter:
Chad McElvany, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
Chad McElvany, Undergraduate Student
Randy J. Ellingson, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
The University of Toledo
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Undergraduate Summer Research Program
Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC)
Building Ohio’s Sustainable Energy Future (BOSEF)
Abstract:
Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), often referred to as nanocrystals, offer a promising route to serve as light-absorbing materials in inexpensive, efficient photovoltaic solar cells. Cyclic Voltammetry is an inexpensive and relatively new technique for evaluating conduction and valence energy band edge positions of QDs and QD-based thin films.
Investigation of Food Waste and Horse Manure Mixtures on Biogas Composition and Yield
Poster Presenter:
David Smith, Graduate Student
Authors:
David Smith, Graduate Student
Catherine B. Almquist, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Miami University
Institute f the Environment and Sustainability; Chemical and Paper Engineering
Abstract:
The anaerobic digestion of mixtures of food waste and horse manure was investigated in a bench-scale two-phase anaerobic digestion system. This study showed that food wastes have much higher COD and TOC in the liquid fraction from phase 1 than horse manure, but the biogas generated on the basis of COD added to the second phase (volume biogas/mass COD) was independent of the food waste/horse manure mixture ratio. The methane concentration in the biogas was consistently above 65%.
Geothermal Energy-Ohio’s “Underground” Alternative
Poster Presenter:
Mitchell Modlich, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
Mitchell Modlich, Undergraduate Student
Mark Wolfe, Geologist, ODNR, Division of Geological Survey
Tim Leftwich, Geophysicist, ODNR, Division of Geological Survey
Affiliation:
Ohio Department of Natural Resources
Division of Geological Survey
Abstract:
Ranking among the top five states in utilizing geothermal heating and cooling, Ohio has substantial potential for energy production from geothermal heat pump (GHP) technologies and for future electricity generation from deep enhanced-geothermal systems. Further, Ohio’s abandoned underground mines hold great potential as GHP heating/cooling reservoirs for eastern Ohio.
Cultivation of Lipid-rich Microalgae Nannochloropsis Salina in Anaerobic Digestion Effluent for Biofuel Production
Poster Presenter:
Ting Cai, Graduate Student
Authors:
Ting Cai, Graduate Student
Yebo Li, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The Ohio State University
Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering
Abstract:
Anaerobic digestion effluent, typically containing high amounts of ammonium and phosphate, can be used as a nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich growth medium for microalgal lipids production. This study investigated the growth of Nannochloropsis salina, one lipid-rich marine microalga, in anaerobically digested municipal waste water for nitrogen, phosphorus removal and biofuel production.
Production and Characterization of Biopolyols and Polyurethane Foams from Crude Glycerol Based Liquefaction of Soybean Straw
Poster Presenter:
Shengjun Hu, Graduate Student
Authors:
Shengjun Hu, Graduate Student
Yebo Li, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The Ohio State University
Department of Food, Agricultural, and Biological Engineering
Abstract:
Polyols are important feedstocks for the production of polyurethane (PU) foams. In this study, we produced bio-based polyols (biopolyols) and PU foams from two inexpensive and renewable feedstocks: crude glycerol from biodiesel industry and soybean straw. The obtained products showed promising material properties.
Solid-state Co-digestion of Expired Dog Food and Corn Stover for Methane Production
Poster Presenter:
Fuqing Xu, PhD Student
Authors:
Fuqing Xu, PhD Student
Yebo Li, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The Ohio State University
Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering
Abstract:
Different proportions of expired dog food were co-digested with corn stover for biogas production via solid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) at feedstock-to-effluent (F/E) ratios of 2, 4, and 6, based on volatile solids (VS), using effluent from a sewage sludge digester as inoculum. Degradation of the main components in dog food and corn stover was measured. Higher methane yields were obtained at lower F/E ratios and at higher percentages of dog food in the substrate. The highest methane yield of 304.4 L/kgVS feed was obtained for the substrate containing 50% corn stover and 50% dog food, which was an increase of 229% and 109% compared to digesting corn stover and dog food alone, respectively. Co-digestion of corn stover with dog food reduced the start up time and volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation, but decreased the cellulose and hemicellulose degradation of corn stover. Reactor failure may be caused by ammonia inhibition in reactors with a high proportion of dog food.
Simulation of Offshore Wind Turbine Response to Ice Impacts in Lake Erie
Poster Presenter:
Eric Wells, Graduate Student
Authors:
Eric Wells, Graduate Student
Sorin Cioc, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Abdollah Afjeh, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Toledo
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Department
Abstract:
Offshore wind turbines represent a large untapped potential of clean energy. However, there are significant challenges to placing them in the Great Lakes, such as ice loading on the tower and foundation. In this study, the response of a wind turbine to the ice conditions of Lake Erie is examined.
Parametric Study of Sandwich Panel Buckling in Composite Wind Turbine Blades
Poster Presenter:
Shicong Miao, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
Shicong Miao, Undergraduate Student
Steven L. Donaldson, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
University of Dayton
Civil Engineering Department
Abstract:
A parametric study of the buckling performance of composite wind turbine blade regions with thin symmetric laminated sandwich rectangular panels, subjected to uniform axial shell edge compression loads is presented. The research focused on the critical buckling load and strain levels with core material parameters, such as transverse core shear modulus and core thickness, for rectangular sandwich strips with long aspect ratios. Both flat and curved-section models were considered. Extensive buckling design plots provide an insight into optimal core solutions. Finally, a panel design example is presented.
A Highly Resolved Modeling Technique to Simulate Residential Power Demand
Poster Presenter:
Matteo Muratori, PhD Student
Authors:
Matteo Muratori, PhD Student
Matthew C. Roberts, Faculty Advisor
Ramteen Sioshansi, Faculty Advisor
Vincenzo Marano, Senior Research Associate
Giorgio Rizzoni, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
The Ohio State University
Department of Agricultural, Environmental, and Development Economics
The Ohio State University
Integrated Systems Engineering Department
The Ohio State University
Mechanical Engineering
Abstract:
Energy-saving and advanced technologies, such as renewable-energy systems, Plug-in Electric Vehicles, energy storage devices and controllable appliances are often suggested as key players to face the current energy dilemma. We propose a model to simulate the electricity demand of the residential sector that can serve as a tool to evaluate the impact of different energy-saving technologies, such as low-power or automated appliances and domestic control systems.
Estimation of Water Footprints and Impacts of Cooling Systems for Major Energy Production Pathways in the United States
Poster Presenter:
Jhosmar Sosa Pieroni, Graduate Student
Authors:
Jhosmar Sosa Pieroni, Graduate Student
Tim Keener, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
University of Cincinnati
School of Energy, Environmental, Biological and Medical Engineering
Abstract:
Thermoelectric-power plants water withdrawal is among the largest in the United States being the cooling systems the major consumer. This study uses comprehensive database containing information for the major power plants in the United States to estimate the water footprints and the impacts of cooling systems on water consumption.
Poster Presenter:
Brian Berger, Graduate Student
Authors:
Brian Berger, Graduate Student
Chadwick Barklay, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
University of Dayton
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
University of Dayton Research Institute
Advanced High-Temperature Materials Group
Sponsor:
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Space and Defense Power Systems
Abstract:
TAGS-85 – a telluride of antimony, germanium, and silver – is a heritage p-type thermoelectric material employed in Radioisotope Power Systems that power the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Pioneer, Viking, and most recently Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity rover missions. These power systems, which employ a radioisotope heat source in a thermal-to-electrical power system, are used as a power source in space technology (including probes, satellites, and planetary rovers). Previous studies have found that TAGS-85 degrades over time, this degradation arising from the heat-initiated sublimation of material from TAGS-85. This, in turn, diminishes the thermoelectric material’s contact with the heat source, lowering the efficiency of the thermoelectric generator. This project seeks to develop a coating for use on TAGS-85 which would inhibit such degradation while not affecting the thermoelectric efficiency of the material.
Poster Presenter:
Melissa Vasconi, Graduate Student
Authors:
Melissa Vasconi, Graduate Student
Clovis Linkous, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Youngstown State University
Chemistry
Abstract:
The goal of this research is to find a way to lessen the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere from industrial emissions by taking CO2 and converting it to something more useful. We are using cuprous and cupric oxides as electrocatalysts to reduce CO2 into useful chemical products such as methanol.
Poster Presenter:
Sreevani Kalapala, Graduate Student
Authors:
Travis Q. Battiest, Undergraduate Student
Clovis A. Linkous, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Youngstown State University
Chemistry
Abstract:
Hydrogen sulfide is a major contaminant in the land fill gas which is a growing alternative energy resource. H2S is a corrosive gas and when combusted will create high levels of SOX. We are trying to remove H2S gas by using eco-friendly adsorbents like activated carbon, Vulcan XC-72, cuprous sulphite, etc. The adsorbent is then regenerated back by using one of several different methods.
Poster Presenter:
William Geer, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
William Geer, Undergraduate Student
Clovis Linkous, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Youngstown State University
Chemistry
Abstract:
The current technology for the energy conversion of landfill gases involves combustion generators with a low thermal efficiency. The purpose of our research is to operate an electrochemical solid oxide fuel cell using reformed landfill gas and to achieve more efficient energy conversion of landfill gases.
Poster Presenters:
Lei Cheng, PhD Student
Tongyan Li, PhD Student
Authors:
Lei Cheng, PhD Student
Joo-Youp Lee, Faculty Advisor
Timothy C. Keener, Faculty Advisor
Tongyan Li, PhD Student
Affiliation:
University of Cincinnati
School of Energy, Environmental, Biological and Medical Engineering
Abstract:
This research is to effectively and reliably separate CO2 from flue gases by means of CO2 absorption at 52 °C, which is a typical range for wet Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) outlet temperatures using traditional gas-liquid contacting devices, using a magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) slurry, followed by a regeneration step in a stripper conducted at 65°C. The key parameters such as L/G, C/Mg, CO2 removal efficiency, vapor liquid equilibrium data, carbon recovery rate and so on will be present in the poster.
Poster Presenter:
Xiaoyong Xia, PhD Student
Authors:
Xiaoyong Xia, PhD Student
Gerardine G. Botte, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Ohio University
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Abstract:
Coal electrolysis is a low-cost and environmental friendly technology to produce hydrogen. This study focused on the function of electrolyte during coal electrolysis, and a new kind of electrolyte was designed to facilitate the coal electrolysis. The aim of this work was to increase the coal conversion and produce more hydrogen.
Poster Presenter:
Heather Lenz, Graduate Student
Author:
Heather Lenz, Graduate Student
Affiliation:
Cleveland State University
Maxine Goodman Levin College of Urban Affairs
Abstract:
Regional Energy Planning (REP) is the key to a sustainable solution for the future of energy production, distribution and independence for Northeast Ohio. This report analyzes different REPs in order to identify and develop the fundamental components for a REP model in Northeast Ohio.
Poster Presenter:
Fei Lu, PhD Student
Authors:
Fei Lu, PhD Student
Madhivanan Muthuvel, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Gerardine G. Botte, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Ohio University
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Abstract:
Ammonia is a very important chemical which has various applications. A new technique has been developed at CEER to generate ammonia from urea-rich wastewater using electrochemical techniques. Initial studies confirm that electrochemical conversion of urea to ammonia has higher efficiency than chemical methods at low temperature (70 °C).
Poster Presenter:
Yue Ding, PhD Student
Authors:
Brian L. Hassler, Facilities Manager/Postdoctoral Researcher
Gerardine G. Botte, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
Ohio University
Center for Electrochemical Engineering Research
Ohio University
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Abstract:
Molecular self-assembly of polyelectrolytes has been applied to urea/ammonia electrolysis. The effects of pH on the polyelectrolyte deposition and bulk solutions on electrode behavior are being investigated to optimize the performance. The adsorption of polyelectrolytes onto the surface of nickel improve urea/ammonia electrolysis efficiency while reducing potassium hydroxide consumption.
Poster Presenter:
Santosh Vijapur, PhD Student
Authors:
Santosh Vijapur, PhD Student
Ana M. Valenzuela-Muñiz, Postdoctoral
Gerardine G. Botte, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
Ohio University
Center for Electrochemical Engineering Research
Ohio University
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Abstract:
Carbon nanostructures (e.g. nanotubes, nanospheres, etc.) with their remarkable physical and chemical properties can be potentially employed in a wide variety of applications such as in sensors, batteries, fuel cells, and medical devices to name a few. Discovering an inexpensive carbon source as well as a simple growth technique for synthesis of carbon nanostructures are major challenges. In this study we propose a thermal reduction growth technique using coal extracts as carbon source. Spectroscopy characterization demonstrated the formation of novel carbon nanostructures.
Poster Presenter:
Dan Wang, Postdoctoral
Authors:
Dan Wang, Postdoctoral
Wei Yan, Graduate Student
Santosh Vijapur, Graduate Student
Gerardine G. Botte, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
Ohio University
Center for Electrochemical Engineering Research
Ohio University
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Abstract:
One-dimensional nickel hydroxide nanoribbons and two-dimensional nickel hydroxide nanosheets were synthesized and developed as electrocatalysts for urea electro-oxidation. The nanostructured nickel hydroxides catalyze urea electro-oxidation at a lower potential with higher current density, and in this way shows promise for applications in urea-rich wastewater remediation, hydrogen production, electrochemical sensors, and fuel cells.
Poster Presenter:
Wei Yan, PhD Student
Authors:
Wei Yan, PhD Student
Dang Wang, Postdoctoral
Gerardine G. Botte, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Ohio University
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department
Abstract:
The Ni, Ni-Zn and Ni-Zn-Co catalysts, synthesized through electrodeposition and alkaline leaching process, were used for electrochemical decomposition of urea to benign nitrogen and hydrogen. The results of electrochemical measurements have shown the improved performances towards urea oxidation compared to the pure Ni catalyst.
Poster Presenters:
Jesse Monn, Graduate Student
Timothy Raffio, Graduate Student
Authors:
Jesse Monn, Graduate Student
Timothy Raffio, Graduate Student
Jeremy Smith, Graduate Student
Mithun Nagabhairava, Graduate Student
Dustin Pohlman, Graduate Student
Kelly Kissock, PhD, Director UD-IAC
Robert Gilbert, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
University of Dayton
Renewable and Clean Energy, Mechanical Engineering
Abstract:
The University of Dayton Industrial Assessment Center (UD-IAC) has performed over 850 no-charge energy assessments for regional industries over the last 30 years. We identify energy saving opportunities over 10% on average with short paybacks. This poster will describe our program and our Integrated Systems and Principles Approach to energy efficiency.
Poster Presenter:
Philip Brodrick, Graduate Student
Authors:
Philip Brodrick, Graduate Student
Kevin Hallinan, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
University of Dayton
Renewable and Clean Energy
Abstract:
The implementation of energy efficiency measures is one of the most common means of reducing fossil fuel use. A new method of characterizing consumption to more accurately measure the amount of energy saved is presented. The method uses an evolutionary algorithm which utilizes both weather and occupancy data, and has shown promising results.
Poster Presenter:
Sunjoo Park, PhD Student
Authors:
William M. Bowen, Faculty Advisor
Sunjoo Park, PhD Student
Affiliation:
Cleveland State University
Levin College of Urban Affairs
Abstract:
Since the 1990s, states have used legislation and policy to restructure their energy markets. One of the driving considerations has been job creation from renewable energy development and investment. Among various policy instruments used in this restructuring are renewable portfolio standards (RPS). In Ohio, we have SB221. RPS mandate electric providers to supply a specified minimum amount of power from renewable energy sources by a particular date. Policy entrepreneurs insist that RPS creates green jobs (or green industry). Nevertheless, the impact of RPS on green job creation and green industry is difficult to evaluate. In this study, we empirically evaluate the effect of RPS adoption on the creation of green jobs at the state level using cross-sectional time series analysis.
Poster Presenter:
Chalermsak Dasaard, PhD Student
Authors:
Chalermsak Dasaard, PhD Student
David J. Bayless, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Ben J. Stuart, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Guy G. Riefler, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Ohio University
Institue of Sustainable Energy and the Environment
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Abstract:
The solubility behavior of CO2 is significant in various scientific and technological applications. We have investigated the solubility of CO2 in algal growth media, a solubility reservoir and inorganic carbon and nutrient source for cyanobacterial growth. Experimental results provided meaningful correlation, resulting in a better empirical model for CO2 solubility.
Poster Presenter:
Albert Vam, Graduate Student
Authors:
Heinz J. Robota, Faculty Advisor
Albert Vam, Graduate Student
Jhoanna C. Alger, Research Technician
Affiliation:
University of Dayton Research Institute
Energy and Environmental Engineering
Abstract:
Conversion of natural triglycerides to liquid transportation fuels proceeds by converting the fatty acid side chains to normal alkanes followed by further hydroisomerization and hydrocracking of the normal alkanes to fuel fractions. During catalytic deoxygenation, any double bonds in the fatty acid side chains are quickly saturated and the fatty acid side chains severed by hydrogenolysis of the ester linkage to produce the free fatty acid. Thus, the initial deoxygenation reactions involve free fatty acids dissolved in a liquid composed of saturated triglycerides. We have investigated these initial deoxygenation reactions using 20 weight percent stearic acid dissolved in a highly isomerized C24 alkane in place of the saturated triglyceride. Measurements have been made using a packed-bed reactor operating under trickle-bed conditions over a 3% Pd/carbon catalyst of our own preparation. Conversions were limited to 10% in order to achieve differential reaction conditions. Deoxygenation proceeds by two principle routes. In one, the carboxylic acid is cleaved from the remaining n C17 alkyl fragment by either decarboxylation or decarbonylation. Under all of our reaction conditions, decarbonylation is much more prevalent than decarboxylation. The second route involves the step-wise reduction of the carboxylic acid by hydrogen to eventually yield the n C18 alkane. While the aldehyde is never observed directly, evidence for a discreet alcohol intermediate is found in the production of the stearyl stearate ester, formed by condensation of the intermediate alcohol with unreacted stearic acid. We investigate how the reaction rates for these two principle deoxygenation routes are influenced by temperature, H2 partial pressure, background CO pressure, and stearic acid concentration.
Poster Presenter:
Mohammad Rezvani, PhD Student
Authors:
Mohamed AbuAli, PhD, Postdoctoral Fellow
Mohammad Rezvani, PhD Student
Edzel Lapira, PhD Student
Jay Lee, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
Center for Intelligent Maintenance Systems
University of Cincinnati
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Abstract:
The Center for IMS has been actively conducting research in implementing state-of-the-art prognostics and health management (PHM) techniques in a variety of energy systems including: (a) industrial facilities for monitoring and modeling of equipment energy consumption, (b) renewable energy applications for condition-based monitoring of wind turbines, and (c) mobility applications for the remaining useful life estimation of electric vehicle battery technologies. This poster session will highlight these research activities.
Poster Presenter:
Tritti Siengchum, Graduate Student
Authors:
Tritti Siengchum, PhD Student
Felipe Guzman, Postdoctoral Researcher
Affiliations:
The University of Akron
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
The University of Akron
Department of Polymer Science
Abstract:
The direct utilization of renewable biomass char (i.e., carbon) in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) could produce electricity with high efficiency, zero carbon footprint. Quantification of CO and CO2 products from the SOFC suggests that electricity was mainly produced from carbon at low current density and from CO produced from the reaction of CO2 with carbon at high current density.
Poster Presenter:
Braeden Gilchrist, Undergraduate Student
Author:
Braeden Gilchrist, Undergraduate Student
Affiliation:
The University of Toledo
Mechanical Engineering
Abstract:
The variability of wind and solar is perceived as a major obstacle in employing otherwise abundant renewable energy resources. Understanding the role of intermittence and the effects on the electric grid limitations will advise the degree of renewable energy penetration. The Renewable Energy Load Matching (RELM) model provides a practical upper limit on the contribution of wind and photovoltaic (PV) power. The extent at which geographic diversity of wind and PV sites across the continental United States can offset their variability is examined in this study. RELM shows how well the existing electric power load can be matched by generation potentially available from wind and PV sites. It also shows the need for storage and dispatchable generation. To account for power transmission limitations, an aggregated transmission grid connecting > 100 continental U.S. regions is included in the RELM model, which allows to follow power flows between the regions and to take into account power flow limitations. The impact of these limitations are currently being tested. With no transmission limitations and moderate diurnal storage, 10% curtailment, but without transmission limitations, PV and wind can contribute up to 82% of load in the United States. For high wind and PV penetration, between 14 and 17% of nameplate capacity of wind and PV is removed from the conventional baseload.
Poster Presenter:
Hussnain A. Yaser, Graduate Student
Authors:
Hussnain A. Yaser, Graduate Student
Michael J. Kazmierczak, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Mohammad Sadegh Riasi, Graduate Student
Affiliation:
University of Cincinnati
School of Dynamic Systems, Mechanical Engineering
Abstract:
This poster presents a novel system that is being developed at UC that use latent thermal energy storage (LTES) to shift heating and cooling loads, on the residential scale, for short to medium time periods (2-4 hrs), away from the electrical power grid (during the utilities’ peak demand period) for the main purpose of residential demand-side-management.
Poster Presenter:
Chenming Xue, PhD Student
Authors:
Chenming Xue, PhD Student
Xiaoli Zhou, PhD Student
Satyendra Kumar, Faculty Advisor
Quan Li, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Kent State University
Liquid Crystal Institute
Abstract:
The crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells, though efficient, appear too expensive to compete with primary fossil energy. The organic photovoltaic (OPV) technology would hold a promise for cost reduction since the OPV materials are potentially cheap, easy to process, and capable of being deposited on flexible substrates and bent while their inorganic competitors, e.g. crystalline silicon, would crack. However, currently widely used OPV materials, e.g. polycrystalline Cu phthalocyanine, suffer from the scattering of electron/exciton at the grain boundaries resulting in poor charge mobility. A challenge for OPV with the possibility of significant cost reduction is to make them in a desired macroscopic order to improve charge transportation. One route to accomplish this goal is to induce liquid crystal (LC) phase in efficient OPV materials since LCs can respond easily to external stimuli and their alignment can be manipulated by external fields and surface effects. Here we will present our work on LC porphyrin thin films for self-organizing organic photovoltaics.
Poster Presenters:
Mathew Isenberg, PhD Student
Christopher Wilfong, PhD Student
Authors:
Mathew Isenberg, PhD Student
Christopher Wilfong, PhD Student
Steven S.C. Chuang, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
The University of Akron
Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
The University of Akron
Department of Polymer Science
First Energy
First Energy Advanced Energy Research Center
Abstract:
Immobilized amine on a solid support sorbents were developed for CO2 capture from coal-fired power plant flue gas. The addition of additives such as polyethylene glycol was found to improve thermal stability and degradation resistance in various gas environments using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy techniques.
Poster Presenter:
Qingshi Tu, Graduate Student
Authors:
Qingshi Tu, Graduate Student
Mingming Lu, Faculty Advisor
Y. Jeffery Yang, US EPA
Affiliation:
University of Cincinnati
School of Energy, Environmental, Biological and Medical Engineering
Abstract:
The rapid growth of US biodiesel industry has also incurred increasing concerns about its sustainability, one of which is the debate over its implication on water resources. In this poster, a comprehensive study exerting various data sources to obtain a holistic view of the water consumption of making biodiesel from soybean oil in the US will be presented.
Poster Presenters:
Jingjing Wang, Graduate Student
Mingming Lu, Faculty Advisor
Authors:
Mark Schutte, Undergraduate Student
Jingjing Wang, Graduate Student
Mingming Lu, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
University of Cincinnati
School of Energy, Environmental, Biological and Medical Engineering
Abstract:
Trap grease has long been regarded as a nuisance to the restaurants in terms of hygiene and cost. However, if used properly, such as feedstock for biodiesel, trap grease can instead become a revenue. In this study, the inventory of trap grease in the greater Cincinnati area will be set up through a detailed data survey; effective and cost wise processes of pretreatment and transesterification will be explored; and the associated economic analysis will be performed.
Poster Presenter:
Yu Zou, PhD Student
Authors:
Yu Zou, PhD Student
Malik Elbuluk, Faculty Advisor
Yilmaz Sozer, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Akron
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Abstract:
Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is the key to notably improve efficiency of variable-speed wind power systems. Although a lot of MPPT algorithms have been developed, fast and real-time calculations of optimal system operation points are difficult to achieve. Also, the dependence of optimal references on the system model can hardly be removed. This research proposes a novel real-time MPPT algorithm which continuously updates the reference power curve by adaptively tuning the curve coefficients. To verify its performance, the proposed algorithm is simulated in Matlab/Simulink and experimentally tested on doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) wind power system. Both simulation and experimental results validate the proposed method.
Poster Presenter:
Priyanka Rathi, Graduate Student
Authors:
Priyanka Rathi, Graduate Student
Adil Sharag-Eldin, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Kent State University
College of Architecture and Environmental Design
Abstract:
This study is intended to provide designers with window-to-wall ratio (WTWR) values optimized for thermal and Daylighting performance. Current energy standards suggest WTWR values based on thermal performance alone. The expected outcome of this optimization is a substantial reduction of energy usage in office buildings and an increase in overall efficiency.
Poster Presenter:
Md Wasi Uddin, Graduate Student
Authors:
Md Wasi Uddin, Graduate Student
Tausif Husain, Graduate Student
Rakesh Mitra, Graduate Student
Ernest Ofori, Graduate Student
Yilmaz Sozer, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Akron
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
Abstract:
Switched reluctance motors are efficient, inexpensive, and easily manufacturable electric machines. These advantages make the motor an attractive choice for the electric vehicle applications. The challenges in designing the motor are to achieve required torque density with the thermal, electrical, and cost constraints. This research demonstrates the experiments done to achieve performance within these limitations and difficulties. The power electronic drive and controller development are discussed to obtain highest performance out of the switched reluctance machine developed for electric vehicle traction application.
Poster Presenter:
Zhuo Yao, Graduate Student
Authors:
Zhuo Yao, Graduate Student
Hong Huang, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Wright State University
Mechanical and Material Science Engineering
Abstract:
Silicon is an attractive anode material for rechargeable lithium ion batteries because of its highest theoretical charge capacity. In our study we have analyzed the lithium storage properties in silicon nanowires grown on the surface of carbon fiber via the chemical vapor deposition method. Electrochemical characterizations have shown optimistic results.
Poster Presenter:
Michel Kahwaji Janho, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
Michel Kahwaji Janho, Undergraduate Student
Jorge E. Gatica, Faculty Advisor
Fernando D. Mele, Faculty at Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos y Gestión Industrial, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán
María Rosa Hernández, Faculty at Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos y Gestión Industrial, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán
Mauricio A. Colombo, Faculty at Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos y Gestión Industrial, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán
Affiliation:
Cleveland State University
Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
Abstract:
Initiatives aiming to reduce fossil-fuel dependency call for re-examining “green” technologies. The production of ethanol from biomass is analyzed. A module for hybrid separation is developed and integrated with industrial process simulators. Alternative process configurations are compared to classical routes to fuel-grade ethanol. Complementary process assessment through LCA is also examined.
Poster Presenters:
Aaron Gonzales, PhD Student
Ryan Tschannen, PhD Student
Authors:
Aaron Gonzales, PhD Student
Ryan Tschannen, PhD Student
Jared Bouquet, PhD Student
Sunggyu Lee, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Ohio University
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Abstract:
Current R&D efforts at Ohio University’s Sustainable Energy and Advanced Materials Lab related to the transformational technology of biomass syngas to dimethyl ether and then to target hydrocarbons are being discussed. Highlights include the single stage conversion of CO-rich and CO2-rich syngas into dimethyl ether.
Poster Presenters:
Ryan Tschannen, PhD Student
Aaron Gonzales, PhD Student
Authors:
Ryan Tschannen, PhD Student
Aaron Gonzales, PhD Student
Jared Bouquet, PhD Student
Sunggyu Lee, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Ohio University
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department
Abstract:
Supercritical water reformation of liquid hydrocarbons is a way to generate synthesis gas that can be used for a variety of applications such as methanol synthesis and hydrogen for fuel cells. A simplified, thermodynamically sound model was developed to more accurately elucidate space velocities for optimizing reactor design.
Poster Presenter:
Feng Wang, PhD Student
Authors:
Feng Wang, PhD Student
Jakub Kolacz, PhD Student
Ayan Chakrabarty, PhD Student
Qihuo Wei, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Kent State University
Liquid Crystal Institute and Department of Chemical Physics
Abstract:
Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells have the great potential to reduce the cost of solar energy while suffering from the low power conversion efficiencies as a result of the small diffusion length of excitons and the long optical absorption depth in OPV. In this presentation, we report our recent efforts in developing new plasmonic nanoantenna architectures that can be integrated with thin OPV cells and enable efficient light trapping for enhancing the light absorption and power conversion efficiencies. The standard OPV material P3HT-PCBM is used as a test bed. By numerical simulations, we try to optimize the design and understand the underlying physical constraints for optoelectronic processes.
Poster Presenter:
Golrokh, PhD Student
Authors:
Golrokh Mirzaei, PhD Student
Selin A. Bastas, Graduate Student
Jeremy Ross, Post Doctorate
Mohammad W. Majid, PhD Student
Mohsin M. Jamali, Faculty Advisor
Peter V. Gorsevski, Faculty Member
Joseph P. Frizado, Faculty Member
Verner P. Bingman, Faculty Member
Affiliations:
The University of Toledo
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Bowling Green State University
Geospatial Science School of Earth & Environment
Abstract:
Birds and bats activity have been monitored during 2011 spring and fall migration via acoustic recorders. Acoustic recorders were placed in Toledo, Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge Park and Gibraltar Island. Data has been collected and analyzed in an effort to perform behavior analysis of birds/bats activity in the vicinity of wind turbines.
Poster Presenter:
Vamshi Gummalla, Graduate Student
Authors:
Vamshi Gummalla, Graduate Student
Nishatha Nagarajan, Graduate Student
Jeremy Ross, Post Doctorate
Mohammad W. Majid, PhD Student
Mohsin M. Jamali, Faculty Advisor
Peter V. Gorsevski, Faculty Member
Joseph P. Frizado, Faculty Member
Verner P. Bingman, Faculty Member
Affiliations:
The University of Toledo
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Bowling Green State University
Geospatial Science School of Earth & Environment
Abstract:
A marine radar was deployed to study nocturnal migration characteristics of birds during the peak migration period over Lake Erie. The goal is to collect baseline information on migration characteristics of nocturnally migrating targets. This information will be useful for siting of wind turbines near or off-shore of Lake Erie.
Poster Presenter:
Hema Vijwani, PhD Student
Authors:
Hema Vijwani, PhD Student
Sharmila M. Mukhopadhyay, Faculty Advisor
Abinash Agrawal, PhD
Sushil R. Kanel, PhD
Mark N. Goltz, PhD
Affiliations:
Wright State University
Mechanical and Materials Science Engineering
Wright State University
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright Patterson AFB OH
Abstract:
One of the key properties carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess is their extremely high surface area to volume ratio, which makes them very attractive as catalyst supports, and as an adsorbent in water treatment applications. Contamination of water by chlorinated organic compounds (COC) is of great environmental concern worldwide. One approach to degrade/treat this is to treat by catalytic reductive dechlorination using highly reactive supported metal catalysts. The present ongoing research is based on bench-scale investigation for the catalytic reductive dechlorination of carbon tetrachloride (CT) by supported palladium metal nanoparticles. Palladium (Pd0) is a well-known catalyst that promotes dehalogenation reactions in the presence of H2 gas as reductant/electron donor. The effectiveness of metal catalysts can be significantly enhanced by using high surface area supports such as Carbon nanotubes (CNTs). If the supports to be applied in water treatment are in suspended form, the recovery of the catalyst from the treated water and its reusability can be difficult. We present a new class of hybrid support for anchoring Pd nanoparticles, which combine the structural robustness of the micro-cellular carbon foam and the high surface area of CNTs in designing flexibility and high catalytic activity. In this poster, results of CT degradation experiments conducted at batch-scale using nano-palladium supported on such carbon nano-structures will be presented. Qualitative characterization of the Pd catalyst, before and after the degradation test will also be discussed.
Poster Presenter:
Anil Karumuri*, PhD Student
Authors:
Anil Karumuri*, PhD Student
Dhawal Oswal, PhD Student
Tinu Daboiku*, Undergraduate Student
Heather Hostetler, Faculty Advisor
Sharmila Mukhopadhyay*, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
Wright State University
* Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Wright State University
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Abstract:
The antimicrobial activity of metals such as silver strongly depends on the effective surface area. In this study, silver nano-particles (Ag-NP) attached on hierarchical carbon substrates for antibacterial applications. The support structures are fabricated by grafting carbon nanotubes (CNT) onto porous cellular carbon creating a hierarchical substrate that combines mechanical integrity with extremely high surface area. This is followed by deposition of Ag-NP through controlled reduction of silver salt in the presence of suitable reducing and capping agents. Microstructural characterization of these robust structures using scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows uniform particle size distribution of silver on nanotubes even inside the pores. Moreover, the silver nanoparticles are well bonded, and do not detach from the support after prolonged treatment in rapidly moving water. The anti-bacterial performance, capacity, and re-usability of these materials is tested by using these to treat bacteria (E. Coli K12 derivative) contaminated water. In addition, the rate kinetics of bacteria removal as a function of time is also monitored which showed that these materials significantly lower bacterial load in a time dependent manner and could be very effective in disinfection of water.
Poster Presenter:
Sarita Bhandari, Graduate Student
Authors:
Sarita Bhandari, Graduate Student
Tom Hartley, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Akron
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Abstract:
Electric battery model helps to scrutinize the battery behavior by characterizing the battery characteristics. An experiment is performed to identify battery characterization parameters and electric model is developed. The significance of those parameters is studied for different cell chemistries. The simulations done to verify the battery voltage profile and characteristics are presented.
Poster Presenter:
Sally Homsy, Graduate Student
Authors:
Sally Homsy, Graduate Student
Liliana Martinez, Research Engineer
Sukh Sidhu, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Dayton Research Institute
Sustainable Environmental Technologies
Abstract:
Studies regarding renewable diesel production from algae have focused on triglyceride extraction and processing. Literature suggests that under appropriate cultivation conditions up to 80% of algal lipid content may be triglycerides; however, under less than optimal conditions phospholipids and free fatty acid content may be substantial. Triglyceride accumulation within algae occurs during the stationary growth phase, while algae should be maintained in the exponential growth phase to optimize CO2 sequestration and/or wastewater remediation (other applications of algal cultivation). This study focuses on the sustainable processing of low triglyceride content algae to renewable diesel. When triglycerides are hydrogenated, deoxygenated and isomerized it is the long chain fatty acids are converted to hydrocarbons that can be used as a diesel drop-in. Triglycerides are not the only source of algal fatty acids – free fatty acids are present and algal phospholipids, waxes, and sphingolipids may have fatty acid components. Total algal lipid extraction from both dry and wet algal biomass was studied and multiple solvents, procedures and cell pretreatment methods were compared (including solvents at ambient conditions, supercritical CO2, liquified DME, ultrasonication, mechanical grinding and steaming). The optimal extraction procedure was scaled up and a process was developed to fractionate algal biomass and isolate fatty acids from the various algal lipid structures. The final process allowed for the isolation of lutein, β-carotene and vitamin E (value added nutraceuticals) and produced two recyclable process waste streams; a protein cake that was subsequently pyrolyzed, and a nutrient and sugar rich aqueous stream that can be recycled for algal cultivation. The initial total lipid content of the Chlorella vulgaris used in this study is about 17% on a dry weight basis, triglycerides comprised <4% by mass of the algae, and the extracted fatty acids comprised ≈ 9% by mass of the algae.
Poster Presenter:
Ronald Zeszut, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
Ronald Zeszut, Undergraduate Student
Richard C. Striebich, Faculty Advisor
Jerry Servaites, Senior Research Biologist
Philip H. Taylor, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
University of Dayton Research Institute
Environmental Engineering Group
Abstract:
Environmentally friendly fuels have become increasingly important and will grow in importance in the future as the full effect and scarcity of traditional fossil fuels becomes better understood. For this reason bio-fuels made from currently living organisms must be developed to offset the uncertain future of fossil fuels. Crops such as corn and soybeans are one option for bio-fuels; however, they require vast amounts of land, and using these sources for fuel in place of food can have a negative effect on the food market. One alternative that lacks this negative characteristic is algae. Algae grow in water and grow very quickly, making it a prime candidate for conversion to bio-fuel on a large scale. The objective of this Honors Thesis is to assess the potential for algae of the variety chlorella vulgaris to be made into a jet fuel. This will be done by measuring the amount and type of molecules in a sample of algae oil using a gas chromatograph. The chromatograph will separate the sample based on volatility (e.g. boiling point) of the species present. This data, when compared to know materials run on the gas chromatograph, will give information as to the composition of components which can be used as fuel. After gathering this experimental data, research will be conducted to find an efficient refining method. A basic cost estimation will be performed to project how economically feasible the process would be.
Poster Presenter:
Tinina Hale, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
Tinina Hale, Undergraduate Student
Ramanitharan Kadiah, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Central State University
International Center for Water Resources Management
Abstract:
In Ohio, emissions from a fossil fuel operated truck during idling are estimated using MOVES in two different seasons; summer and winter. The data on alternative idling reduction practices in Ohio including electrification is also collected. The emissions in the alternative practices are compared with those from an idling truck.
Poster Presenter:
Amir mehdi Pasdar, PhD Student
Authors:
Amir mehdi Pasdar, PhD Student
Yilmaz Sozer, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Akron
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Abstract:
The carrier signal on the power line communications (PLC) system uses the existing power line, which transfers the electrical energy from supplies to the loads as a communication channel. Understanding the behavior of the home appliances and cables at PLC communication frequency band are critical for power line communication channel modeling. In this research, a PLC channel model based on measured data on both loaded impedance’s and power line cable is developed.
Poster Presenter:
Elrayyah Ali, PhD Student
Authors:
Elrayyah Ali, PhD Student
Sozer Yilmaz, Faculty Advisor
Elbuluk Malik, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Akron
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Abstract:
Conventional power systems are usually analyzed in steady state operations. The renewable energy sources may supply local loads in an isolated microgrid. Modeling and stability analysis of the islanded microgrid systems are required to predict the transient performance of the isolated energy network. This research work proposes efficient and effective modeling techniques for predicting the dynamics of the state variables in the microgrid.
Poster Presenter:
Mohamed Badawi, Graduate Student
Authors:
Mohamed Badawi, Graduate Student
Adeeb Ahmed, Graduate Student
Yilmaz Sozer, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Akron
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Abstract:
A parallel power processing technique is presented in this study for Photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicles (EVs) battery charging applications. This technique is enabling higher system efficiency in addition to a decrement in the used DC/DC converter size. The proposed topology is used to track the maximum power point (MPP) in the PV system, and to control the battery charging current for the EVs system. The enhancements of the proposed topology are evaluated and the results are demonstrated through an example design and an experimental field test, which confirms the validity of the proposed technique.
Poster Presenter:
Md. Nayeem Arafat, Graduate Student
Authors:
Md. Nayeem Arafat, Graduate Student
Saeed Anwar, Graduate Student
Yilmaz Sozer, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Akron
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Abstract:
There has been growing interest in renewable energy generation along with growing demands for interfacing renewable energy systems into utility grid past recent years. The objective of our project is to develop a bidirectional utility interactive inverter and associated control algorithms that can exchange power between utility grid and the battery storage systems, as well as work towards reducing the total harmonic distortion in the utility grid. The proposed system has been developed and tested for 5kW utility interactive renewable energy systems.
Poster Presenter:
Paul J. Roland, Graduate Student
Authors:
Paul J. Roland, Graduate Student
Khagendra Bhandari, Graduate Student
Randy J. Ellingson, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Toledo
Physics and Astronomy
Abstract:
Here we implement a transfer matrix formalism to predict the electric field strength and photo-excited charge carrier generation rate within a multilayer stack of thin film materials. Assuming 100% charge carrier collection, we can predict the maximum quantum efficiency (QE) curve for a given solar cell structure, which is compared to experimental data.
Poster Presenter:
Pardis Khayyer, PhD Student
Authors:
Pardis Khayyer, PhD Student
James Wollaeger, Graduate Student
Pinak Tulpule, PhD Student
Lina Fu, PhD Student
Vincenzo Marano, Faculty Advisor
Simona Onori, Faculty Advisor
Umit Ozguner, Faculty Advisor
Giorgio Rizzoni, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
The Ohio State University
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
Center for Automotive Research (CAR)
Abstract:
Energy management strategies play a critical role in the fuel consumption of hybrid and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Most advanced energy management techniques may be further optimized by help of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). In this project, impact of several factors on PHEV fuel economy is investigated for subsequent development of energy management strategies in optimizing fuel economy.
Poster Presenter:
Michael McArtor, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
Michael McArtor, Undergraduate Student
Lawrence Saliba, Undergraduate Student
Jerome Servaites, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Sukh Sidhu, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
University of Dayton Research Institute
Energy Technologies & Materials Division
Abstract:
Many algae have the ability to metabolize and grow on organic compounds either in the light or in the dark. A strain of Chlorella vulgaris is able to grow in the light on organic compounds. Growth rate is twice that of the combined growth rates under autotrophy and heterotrophy.
Poster Presenter:
Neale Haugen, Graduate Student
Authors:
Neale Haugen, Graduate Student
Tieneke E. Dykstra, Post Doctoral Research Associate
Adam B. Phillips, Research Assistant Professor
Michael J. Heben, Faculty Advisor
Randy J. Ellingson, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
The University of Toledo
Department of Physics and Astronomy
Wright Center for Photovoltaic Innovation and Commercialization
Abstract:
Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) with their unique properties have already found use in numerous applications. Doped semiconducting SWNT films are of interest for P-N junction solar cells. We report a novel technique for probing the doping of a SWNT film or solution, and a model of SWNT doping.
Poster Presenter:
Khagendra Bhandari, PhD Student
Authors:
Khagendra Bhandari, PhD Student
Paul Roland, PhD Student
Neale Haugen, PhD Student
Tieneke Dykstra, Post Doctoral Research Associate
Jianbo Gao, Post Doctoral Research Associate
Randy J. Ellingson, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Toledo
Department of Physics and Astronomy
Abstract:
Quantum Dots (QDs) solar cells retaining quantum-confinement effects offer solution-based deposition with size tunable bandgaps. To realize this potential, the in-film conduction is maximized by chemical treatments of the QDs’ surface while preserving their quantum-confinement. We report on the synthesis of PbS QDs, film formation, solar cell fabrication, and testing.
Poster Presenter:
Chad McElvany, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
Chad McElvany, Undergraduate Student
Randy J. Ellingson, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
The University of Toledo
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Undergraduate Summer Research Program
Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC)
Building Ohio’s Sustainable Energy Future (BOSEF)
Abstract:
Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), often referred to as nanocrystals, offer a promising route to serve as light-absorbing materials in inexpensive, efficient photovoltaic solar cells. Cyclic Voltammetry is an inexpensive and relatively new technique for evaluating conduction and valence energy band edge positions of QDs and QD-based thin films.
Poster Presenter:
David Smith, Graduate Student
Authors:
David Smith, Graduate Student
Catherine B. Almquist, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
Miami University
Institute f the Environment and Sustainability; Chemical and Paper Engineering
Abstract:
The anaerobic digestion of mixtures of food waste and horse manure was investigated in a bench-scale two-phase anaerobic digestion system. This study showed that food wastes have much higher COD and TOC in the liquid fraction from phase 1 than horse manure, but the biogas generated on the basis of COD added to the second phase (volume biogas/mass COD) was independent of the food waste/horse manure mixture ratio. The methane concentration in the biogas was consistently above 65%.
Poster Presenter:
Mitchell Modlich, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
Mitchell Modlich, Undergraduate Student
Mark Wolfe, Geologist, ODNR, Division of Geological Survey
Tim Leftwich, Geophysicist, ODNR, Division of Geological Survey
Affiliation:
Ohio Department of Natural Resources
Division of Geological Survey
Abstract:
Ranking among the top five states in utilizing geothermal heating and cooling, Ohio has substantial potential for energy production from geothermal heat pump (GHP) technologies and for future electricity generation from deep enhanced-geothermal systems. Further, Ohio’s abandoned underground mines hold great potential as GHP heating/cooling reservoirs for eastern Ohio.
Poster Presenter:
Ting Cai, Graduate Student
Authors:
Ting Cai, Graduate Student
Yebo Li, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The Ohio State University
Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering
Abstract:
Anaerobic digestion effluent, typically containing high amounts of ammonium and phosphate, can be used as a nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich growth medium for microalgal lipids production. This study investigated the growth of Nannochloropsis salina, one lipid-rich marine microalga, in anaerobically digested municipal waste water for nitrogen, phosphorus removal and biofuel production.
Poster Presenter:
Shengjun Hu, Graduate Student
Authors:
Shengjun Hu, Graduate Student
Yebo Li, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The Ohio State University
Department of Food, Agricultural, and Biological Engineering
Abstract:
Polyols are important feedstocks for the production of polyurethane (PU) foams. In this study, we produced bio-based polyols (biopolyols) and PU foams from two inexpensive and renewable feedstocks: crude glycerol from biodiesel industry and soybean straw. The obtained products showed promising material properties.
Poster Presenter:
Fuqing Xu, PhD Student
Authors:
Fuqing Xu, PhD Student
Yebo Li, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The Ohio State University
Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering
Abstract:
Different proportions of expired dog food were co-digested with corn stover for biogas production via solid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) at feedstock-to-effluent (F/E) ratios of 2, 4, and 6, based on volatile solids (VS), using effluent from a sewage sludge digester as inoculum. Degradation of the main components in dog food and corn stover was measured. Higher methane yields were obtained at lower F/E ratios and at higher percentages of dog food in the substrate. The highest methane yield of 304.4 L/kgVS feed was obtained for the substrate containing 50% corn stover and 50% dog food, which was an increase of 229% and 109% compared to digesting corn stover and dog food alone, respectively. Co-digestion of corn stover with dog food reduced the start up time and volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation, but decreased the cellulose and hemicellulose degradation of corn stover. Reactor failure may be caused by ammonia inhibition in reactors with a high proportion of dog food.
Poster Presenter:
Eric Wells, Graduate Student
Authors:
Eric Wells, Graduate Student
Sorin Cioc, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Abdollah Afjeh, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
The University of Toledo
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Department
Abstract:
Offshore wind turbines represent a large untapped potential of clean energy. However, there are significant challenges to placing them in the Great Lakes, such as ice loading on the tower and foundation. In this study, the response of a wind turbine to the ice conditions of Lake Erie is examined.
Poster Presenter:
Shicong Miao, Undergraduate Student
Authors:
Shicong Miao, Undergraduate Student
Steven L. Donaldson, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
University of Dayton
Civil Engineering Department
Abstract:
A parametric study of the buckling performance of composite wind turbine blade regions with thin symmetric laminated sandwich rectangular panels, subjected to uniform axial shell edge compression loads is presented. The research focused on the critical buckling load and strain levels with core material parameters, such as transverse core shear modulus and core thickness, for rectangular sandwich strips with long aspect ratios. Both flat and curved-section models were considered. Extensive buckling design plots provide an insight into optimal core solutions. Finally, a panel design example is presented.
Poster Presenter:
Matteo Muratori, PhD Student
Authors:
Matteo Muratori, PhD Student
Matthew C. Roberts, Faculty Advisor
Ramteen Sioshansi, Faculty Advisor
Vincenzo Marano, Senior Research Associate
Giorgio Rizzoni, Faculty Advisor
Affiliations:
The Ohio State University
Department of Agricultural, Environmental, and Development Economics
The Ohio State University
Integrated Systems Engineering Department
The Ohio State University
Mechanical Engineering
Abstract:
Energy-saving and advanced technologies, such as renewable-energy systems, Plug-in Electric Vehicles, energy storage devices and controllable appliances are often suggested as key players to face the current energy dilemma. We propose a model to simulate the electricity demand of the residential sector that can serve as a tool to evaluate the impact of different energy-saving technologies, such as low-power or automated appliances and domestic control systems.
Poster Presenter:
Jhosmar Sosa Pieroni, Graduate Student
Authors:
Jhosmar Sosa Pieroni, Graduate Student
Tim Keener, PhD, Faculty Advisor
Affiliation:
University of Cincinnati
School of Energy, Environmental, Biological and Medical Engineering
Abstract:
Thermoelectric-power plants water withdrawal is among the largest in the United States being the cooling systems the major consumer. This study uses comprehensive database containing information for the major power plants in the United States to estimate the water footprints and the impacts of cooling systems on water consumption.
